Types of Welded Joints – There are still many of us who don’t know what welded joints are and the types of welded joints. According to the American Welding Society (AWS) , a welded joint can be defined as “the way in which similar materials are attached together.”
There are five main types of welded joints, designed to withstand the demands and forces of different applications. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages, depending on the needs and conditions of the project.
The joint design of each part affects the quality and cost of the weld. Selecting the most appropriate joint design for a welding job requires careful attention and specialized expertise.
There are five basic types of welded joints commonly used in industry, according to AWS:
- Butt joint
- Tee joint
- Corner joint
- Lap joint
- Edge joint
In this article, we will discuss further the types of welded joints that are often used and the advantages and disadvantages of each type.
1. Butt Joint
A butt joint is a type of weld in which two metal parts to be joined are placed side by side on a single plane. This is the simplest type of weld to join. Several types of welds can be used, such as square, single bevel, double bevel, single J, double J, single V, double V, single U, and double U grooves.
2. Tee Joint
A T-joint is a type of welding joint that has a T-shaped shape. This welding joint is often used in various constructions, such as conveyors, roofs, and others.
This joint is formed by cutting two pieces of metal at a 90 degree angle, where one of the pieces is located in the middle perpendicularly and forms the letter T. Tee joints are usually not prepared with a groove, unless the base metal is thick and the welding on both sides cannot support the load that must be supported by the joint.
A common defect in tee joints is lamella erosion, which occurs due to the limitations of the joint. To prevent this, welders often install stoppers to prevent joint deformation.
3. Corner Joint
A corner joint is a type of joint in which two metal parts form an angle. A corner joint is similar to a T-joint, except that the parts being joined are the ends.
There are two types of fillet welds: closed corner joints and open corner joints. In a closed corner joint, the first piece of material is stacked on top of the second piece, while in an open corner joint, the parts being joined meet at their ends.
Styles used to make corner joints include V-groove, J-groove, U-groove, spot, edge, fillet, corner-flange, bevel-groove, flare-V-groove, and square-groove or butt.
4. Lap Joint
A lap joint is a type of joint in which two metal parts to be joined are stacked one on top of the other. Lap joints are typically used to join parts of different thicknesses, such as when joining a thin part to a slightly thicker one.
Lap joints are rarely used on thicker materials and are typically used for sheet metal. Potential disadvantages of this type of weld include lamella erosion or corrosion due to overlapping parts. However, this can be prevented by using the correct technique and adjusting variables as needed.
This type is often used for spot or seam welding, especially on car bodies and thin plates. When using SMAW, GMAW, or FCAW, the welding technique is the same as fillet welding.
5. Edge Joint
An edge joint is a type of joint in which the two metal parts to be joined are placed parallel to each other with their edges at the same level.
Side joints have no structural properties, but are instead used to maintain the position of two or more plates in a specific plane. Their purpose is to maintain their initial alignment.
There are several forces that can be applied to a side joint:
- U-groove
- V-groove
- J-groove
- Corner flange
- Bevel-groove
- Square-groove
- Edge-flange
This type of joint is more susceptible to corrosion due to the overlapping parts. Welders must be aware of other defects such as slag inclusions, lack of fusion, and porosity, which can also occur.
PT Patmanunggal Reka Abadi Welding, Construction and Fabrication Services
Those are the types of welding and their methods, which are popular and widely used in industry and engineering. Experienced resources are needed to complete your projects, such as welding, construction, and metal fabrication.
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