Welding
Electric Arc Welding
Welding using electric arc welding is divided into 2 categories based on the use of the type of electrode, namely Consumable Electrode and Non-Consumable Electrode. What is meant by Consumable Electrode is the condition when the electrode is completely burned and functions as a filler material in the weld metal. While Non-Consumable Electrode is a welding process where the electrode is not burned. The filler material uses another material that is melted simultaneously with the melting process of the parent metal. Various types of welding in the Consumable Electrode category include Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW/MIG), Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) and Flux Core Arc Welding (FCAW). Meanwhile, one example of Non-Consumable Electrode welding is Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW/TIG).
1. Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) Welding Type
SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) is a welding process that uses a coated electrode that melts and acts as a filler material. The electrode acts as the negative pole and the workpiece as the positive pole. Heat is generated by an electric arc, which causes the electrode and base metal to melt simultaneously. SMAW welding is used on almost all types of materials due to its simplicity and low cost.
2. Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW/MIG)
Gas Metal Arc Welding. There are two types of this type of welding: MIG (Metal Inert Gas) and MAG (Metal Active Gas). The difference between the two lies in the gas used in the welding process. MIG uses only noble gases such as argon and helium, while MAG uses CO2 or a mixture of argon. GMAW welding is typically used for fabricating steel structures made of CS materials using CO2 or a mixture of these gases. It is very advantageous for large tonnages due to its very high speed without the need for changing welding wires.
3. Flux Core Arc Welding (FCAW)
FCAW welding is similar to GMAW. FCAW uses a cored electrode instead of a solid electrode and is used to join ferrous metals. The core metal can contain minerals, iron alloy powder, and materials that can act as shielding gas, deoxidizer, and slag formers.
4. Submerged Arc Welding (SAW)
Next is Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) . The electric arc and molten metal are protected by a liquid flux and a layer of granular flux particles. The process is mechanical for flat welding positions and semi-automatic for jobs requiring consistent weld quality.
5. Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Type (GTAW/TIG)
The next welding process that is quite popular and widely used is Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) or often called Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG). In this welding process, the electrode used (tungsten) does not melt, only the filler material, commonly called the welding rod, melts. The GTAW welding process generally uses DCSP (DCEN/direct current electrode negative) current settings for CS, SS, Ti materials. Meanwhile, for welding aluminum and magnesium, DCEP (direct current electrode positive) is used. The gas used is a noble gas; argon, helium, or a mixture of argon and helium.
PT Patmanunggal Reka Abadi Welding, Construction and Fabrication Services
Those are the types of welding and their methods, which are popular and widely used in industry and engineering. Experienced resources are needed to complete your projects, such as welding, construction, and metal fabrication.
PT Patmanunggal Reka Abadi is a company providing engineering, construction, welding, and fabrication services. Supported by a professional and experienced engineering team and state-of-the-art equipment.
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